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The meaning of rejuvenation of the Qing Dynasty’s academic science, psychics, and modern literary science
——An interaction with the political environment of the late Qing Dynasty
Author: Yang Nianqun (produced by the Institute of Qing History of the Chinese National People)
Source: “China-North-Early Journal. Social Science Edition”, 2019 Issue 01
Time: Confucius’s 2570-1st year of Jihai On the 14th month, Gengxu
� The reason why the school is valued is because it can play a role in the test of the challenge of the authority of science, and the rejuvenation of science happens to be because the closed-door style of governance cannot meet the crisis of the political situation in the late Qing Dynasty. It must be used to focus on the new worldly vitality to save the decline of the academic world. The rise of modern literature also has a transformation from a common way to supporting the reform of the late Qing Dynasty to provide support for the reform of the late Qing Dynasty. The internal transformation of these three traditional sciences intertwined with each other and was closely related to the changes in the political and social changes of the late Qing Dynasty, and was worthy of in-depth discussion.
Introduction
From the beginning of the Chinese people, Liang Qichao and Hu Xing proposed or responded to “reactionary theory of science”, the historical basis of the Qing Dynasty was positioned as two schools of thought. In the history of rejuvenation and the rise of excitement, there may be some other scholars, such as Master Mu, who made a disagreement on this thought, believing that the Qing Dynasty was just another manifestation of the continuous development of the Song and Ming dynasties. The focus thinking did not have the most basic changes, but it obviously could not confront the “reactionary theory of theory” in terms of influence. In the thinking world that is mainly directed by academics, other studies seem to have all the quiet and silent and unsound, which cannot produce actual effects on the mainstream thinking world of the Qing Dynasty. This single study of the Qing Dynasty’s academic thinking must have been increasingly questioned. The problem is that, as the main traditional resource for the establishment of the Qing Dynasty’s trees, theory has been highly advocated and guided since Emperor Kangxi. Is it difficult to completely lose its traces during the Yongzheng and Qianlong period? Facts show that academic research and academic research outside of academic considerations still influenced the evolution of Qing Dynasty’s thinking with differences. Now, literary science, as the main branch of late Qing Dynasty’s academic practice, also provided powerless political support for the diversified competition and even reorganization of Qing Dynasty’s thinking. In the past century, the historical community has explored the academic questions outside the mainstream of learning, such as psychology, modern literature and world science.Baocai.com, this article has a preliminary review of its theoretical content and a brief analysis of the differences arising from disputes between all parties.
1. Challenge the uniqueness of science and the rebirth of the ancients – the influence of the sects of the Qing Dynasty
The status of “Zixue” in the Qing Dynasty was relatively special. It was neither a branch of the regular Confucianism, nor was it far from the examination of academic studies. However, “Zixue” has always been in the works of various students from time to time. Although its face is often vague, it always has a taste of seeking preservation in the clues. Liu Zhonghua has pointed out that the Qing Dynasty sub-school research was divided into three stages of development. The important part-school research in the early Qing Dynasty was the extension of the late Ming Dynasty. The expression of sentiment was criticism of the science and the advocacy of the world. In the process of counter-theory, the Scriptures were valued for their inconscience, and because of the Scriptures. Many people have tried to use the characteristics of multi-thinking thinking to break the unique vassal of Confucianism by studying and governing the school. In the late Ming Dynasty, Li Rong, Fu Shan and others advocated the best teaching of the school. Fu Shan once annotated books such as “Laozi”, “Zangzi”, “Xunzi”, “Liezi”, “Mozi”, “Guiguzi”, “Guiguzi”, “gongsunlongzi”, and “Huainanzi” in his life. Traditional Confucianism emphasizes the way of writing, and “Zi” is a strange aspect of destruction of people’s morality and abusing people’s hearts. Fu Shan and others proposed the same argument as “Zi” and “Zi” with the goal of challenging the exclusive position of “Zi” and upgrading academic issues outside of Confucianism to the goal of learning theories.
The early Zixue in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties also laid the foundation for the development of Zixue during the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods with the discernment and examination. During the Qianlong and Jiaqing period, due to the need to study the history of Zizhi, Zizhi received a large number of cleanups, including “Xunzi” and “Mozi” and other Zizhi, such as “Xunzi” proofread by Lu Wen and “Mozi’s Notes” by Biyuan. From 1840 to the late Qing Dynasty, Zixue began to study logic and became a prelude to modern academic practice in its interaction with Western learning. [1]22
The thoughts of ancient learning in the early Qing Dynasty also had an impact on the rejuvenation of students. The study of the ancient school in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties focused on the identification of the books of the sect, but it also involved other examination methods, such as proofreading, sound and music, and training. At that time, the development and academic examinations of the Zixue Examination were conducted simultaneously. In addition to having a lot of knowledge in the Zixue Examination, Yang Shen, Jiao Yong, Hu Yinglin, Yao Iianheng and others studied and studied the Sixth and Confucianism more. The combination of subschool and academic studies became the main energy for the reconstruction of international academic science in the Ming and Qing dynasties. The reform of science in the late Ming Dynasty, the rejuvenation of ancient science, literature movement, and the thought of uniting the three religions were several reasons for the enthusiasm of the school.
Scholarship can also be used as “in the world”, which is related to the Westernization of Lima. In the late Ming Dynasty, some people compared the interaction between Zixue and Westernization. For example, Liu Dong believed that the learning of Oriental Science and Technology is very similar to that of Ink, Fu Shan emphasized the importance of I have a preference for the utilitarian work. I have decided that some books such as Guanzi, Liezi, and Zhuangzi and Buddhist scriptures have many ways to transcend Confucianism in the “economic world”. Fang Yizhi proposed to use practicality in his works in the works of “Pharmaciation and Cannon” and “Tianxijun”.The main theme of “quality learning” concept.
The basic encounter in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties was that under the concept of “returning to the original text”, the study of historical examinations and certificates became popular. Revival preachers have found a way to reconstruct academic fantasies, which are the methods of literary research and language learning such as music, training and proofreading. While reviving the Ancient of Xing, the pre-Qin Scriptures were also noticed because they were a part of traditional academic resources. The results of tiring science provide mental support for the transformation to the heterogeneous “school”. However, during this period, “school” still appeared as a vassal of “school”. They studied pupils and advocated historical examination certificates just to reverse the trend of space and avoid the same attitude as “school”. [1]94
The development of the early scholastics of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties is the same as the reconstruction of ancient Chinese and scientific reconstruction of science. It is the re-examination of traditional academic classics after reflecting on the Song and Ming dynasties, as well as the responses of scholars after reflecting on the transformation of traditional academic classics. After entering the Qing Dynasty, historical research gradually became more and more successful, and the advocacy of psychology and the reconstruction of science were sad, and even turned the purpose of the design and became a vassal of the examination. Zixue once showed a trend of rejuvenation in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and also showed the tendency of honoring the son, but at that time it still did not break the situation of Confucianism alone. Zixue was not the mainstream of the development of international academic science in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and was more of a vassal of Confucianism. [1]98
After the study of academic atmosphere was formed, the Zixue Resear
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